“인터넷이나 내부 네트워크를 통해 어떠한 서비스를 개시하고자 합니다. 분명 인터넷이나 가이드라인을 따라 작업하였는데도, 내 서비스가 정상적으로 응답하지 않는 경우, 문제점을 파악하고 트러블슈팅하고 싶을 것입니다. 그 첫 단계로, 원격지 서버의 Port에 정상 접근 가능한지 확인하는 방법을 알아 보세요.”

‘tcping’ 이란 무엇일까요?

‘tcping’이란, 목적지 서버(호스트)의 특정 TCP Port의 응답 여부를 확인하는 앱의 이름입니다.
‘ping’ 요청이라고 불리는 것은 ICMP(인터넷 제어 메시지 프로토콜)의 응답 여부를 확인하는 것이라면,
‘tcping’은 TCP Port에 ping 요청을 보내는 것이라고 가정하면 편리합니다.
예를 들어, 내가 웹 서버(https:443)을 개시하고자 할 때, 정상적으로 Port가 응답하는지 확인할 때 사용할 수 있습니다.


‘tcping’ 설치하기

Microsoft Windows에서 :
1. 이 링크에 접속한 뒤, ‘tcping.exe’ 을 선택하세요.
2. 시스템 전역에서 사용하고자 한다면, 다운로드된 ‘tcping.exe’ 파일을 ‘C:\Windows\system32‘에 복사합니다.
Linux (RHEL, CentOS, RockyLinux, Fedora나 기타 Fedora 계열)에서 :
1. 터미널에 붙여넣기 하세요 : sudo dnf install hping3
(** 이미 root 계정이라면 ‘sudo‘ 생략 가능)
Linux (Ubuntu나 기타 데비안 계열)에서 :
1. 터미널에 붙여넣기 하세요 : sudo apt install hping3
(**이미 root 계정이라면 ‘sudo‘ 생략 가능)
2. 이 명령어를 사용하여 hping3tcping으로 링크하세요 : sudo ln -s /usr/bin/hping3 /usr/bin/tcping
(** 일반적인 경우이며, APT 및 YUM 레포지토리에 따라 패키지 이름이 다를 수 있습니다.)

‘tcping’ 사용하기

사용법
tcping [옵션] [IP또는 호스트] [포트 번호]
옵션
-t : Ctrl+C을 입력하기 전까지 계속해서 요청
-n : 요청 횟수 지정 (기본값 : 4번)
-i : 각 요청 별 유휴 시간 지정 (단위 : 초 / 기본값 : 1초)
-w : 응답에 대한 대기 시간 지정 (단위 : 초)
-d : 결과 값에 날짜 및 시간 표시
-f : 연결 확인 목적 외 1바이트를 송신하도록 설정하기
-g : 특정 갯수의 요청이 실패할 경우 tcping을 종료(기본값 : 1번)
-b : 응답 여부에 따라 비프음 재생 (1: 실패 / 2:성공 / 3.변경 / 4.항상)
-s : 성공적으로 응답을 받은 경우 tcping을 종료

참고 : 예시는 위 링크에 있는 Microsoft Windows 바이너리 기준이며, 다른 바이너리에서는 다를 수도 있습니다. 자세한 옵션은 바이너리 매뉴얼을 확인하세요.

예시

특정 호스트에 443(https) 응답 여부를 5번 확인하고자 할 경우
tcping -r 5naver.com 443
tcping -r 5Jungin-VM-moongop1 443

이 이미지는 대체 속성이 비어있습니다. 그 파일 이름은 image-2.png입니다


특정 IP에 80(http) 응답 여부를 5초마다 확인하고자 할 경우
tcping -i 5 192.168.1.1 80

참고 : 이 예시에서는 바이너리를 PATH의 경로로 복사한 뒤 실행하였으며, 그렇지 않은 경우 ./tcping 으로 실행할 수 있습니다.
(** Microsoft Windows에서 PATH 경로의 예시 : C:\Windows\system32)

결과 분석하기

위 스크린 샷에서 보이는 것 처럼, ‘tcping’을 통해 이러한 정보를 알 수 있습니다 :
IP 대 Port 응답 여부 / 응답 시간 / 최소, 최대, 평균 응답 시간

‘Port is open’ 이라고 표시되는 경우
– 목적지의 특정 Port가 열려 있으며, 요청지에서 목적지 IP의 Port에 접근할 수 있습니다.
– 내 서버에서 응답 시간이 10ms 이상 값으로 측정될 경우, 개선(증설 등)을 고려하세요. 실제 사용자(End-Point)는 10ms이상 응답 지연이 발생 할 경우, 서버가 느리다고 체감할 수 있습니다.
‘No response’ 이라고 표시되는 경우
– 요청지에서 목적지 IP의 Port에 접근할 수 없는 경우입니다.
– 방화벽(Firewall)이나 NAC(네트워크 접근 제어)등에 의해 길목이 막혔을 수 있습니다.
– 드물게는 목적지 IP에서 Port는 열려 있으나, Process Hang 등에 의해 응답을 하지 않을 수 있습니다.

30 thoughts on “특정 TCP Port의 응답 여부 확인 – ‘tcping’”
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